SCALE REFERENCE

F Harmonic Minor

F – G – A♭ – B♭ – C – D♭ – E1 2 b3 4 5 b6 7

Natural minor with a raised 7th, so the V chord becomes major and pulls strongly home. The gap between b6 and 7 gives it its distinctive colour.

Notes & degrees
F1G2A♭b3B♭4C5D♭b6E7
NotesF, G, Ab, Bb, C, Db, E
Steps2 – 1 – 2 – 2 – 1 – 3 – 1 (semitones)
Piano
FGCEA♭B♭D♭
Guitar & ukulele — every position (frets 0–12)
357912eEFGA♭B♭CD♭EBCD♭EFGA♭B♭GGA♭B♭CD♭EFGDEFGA♭B♭CD♭AB♭CD♭EFGA♭EEFGA♭B♭CD♭E

Root notes are red. The full map of the scale on the guitar neck; the common box patterns are groups of these notes.

357912AB♭CD♭EFGA♭EEFGA♭B♭CD♭ECCD♭EFGA♭B♭CGGA♭B♭CD♭EFG

The same scale on a ukulele in standard G–C–E–A tuning.

Chords in the key
DegreeTriad7th chord
iFmFm(maj7)
ii°GdimGm7♭5
♭III+A♭augA♭maj7♯5
ivB♭mB♭m7
VCC7
♭VID♭D♭maj7
vii°EdimEdim7

These are the chords built by stacking scale notes in thirds. Click through for each chord's own diagrams:

iFmii°Gdim♭III+A♭augivB♭mVC♭VID♭vii°Edim
Other scales on F

Core scales & modes

F MajorF Natural MinorF Melodic MinorF DorianF PhrygianF LydianF MixolydianF Locrian

Pentatonic & blues

F Major PentatonicF Minor PentatonicF BluesF Major Blues

Jazz & altered

F Harmonic MajorF Phrygian DominantF Lydian DominantF AlteredF Bebop Dominant

Symmetric

F Whole ToneF Diminished (Whole–Half)F Diminished (Half–Whole)F Augmented Scale

World & exotic

F Hungarian MinorF Double Harmonic MajorF Neapolitan Minor
Harmonic Minor on another root
CC♯DE♭EFF♯GA♭AB♭B
Keep exploring

See the diatonic chords with audio in the Scale & Chord Finder, find where a key sits among the others on the Circle of Fifths, or start the free Cloud Atelier music guides.